Set of 10 Questions (Q. 41 to 50) with Explanation in Favor of the Correct Answer
The Correct Answer has been Hi-lighted in Yellow.
K2- Q. 41: Which of the following statements are correct for walkthroughs?
(i) Often led by the author.
(ii) Documented and defined results.
(iii) All participants have defined roles.
(iv) Used to aid learning.
(v) Main purpose is to find defects.
A. (i) and (v) are correct.
B. (ii) and (iii) are correct.
C. (i) and (iv) are correct.
D. (iii) and (iv) are correct.
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K2- Q. 42: Which of the following has the typical formal review activities in the correct sequence?
A. Kick-off, review meeting, planning, follow-up.
B. Kick-off, planning, review meeting, re-work.
C. Planning, kick-off, individual preparation, review meeting.
D. Planning, individual preparation, follow-up, re-work.
Explanation in favor of the correct answer
The correct sequence is: planning, kick-off, individual preparation, review meeting, re-work, follow-up. All of the other options have either the activities in the wrong order or activities missing from the strict flow.
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K2- Q. 43: Which of the following statements are true?
(i) Defects are likely to be found earlier in the development process by using reviews rather than static analysis.
(ii) Walkthroughs require code but static analysis does not require code.
(iii) Informal reviews can be performed on code and specifications.
(iv) Dynamic techniques are generally used before static techniques.
(v) Dynamic techniques can only be used after code is ready to be executed.
A. (i), (ii), (vi).
B. (ii), (iii), (v).
C. (i), (iv), (v).
D. (i), (iii), (v).
Explanation in favor of the correct answer
The other answers are incorrect because:
(ii) Walkthroughs do not require code and static analysis does require code.
(iv) Static techniques do not execute the code and therefore can be run before and after the code is ready for execution.
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K2- Q. 44: Which of the following is most likely to be performed by developers?
A. Technical review of a functional specification.
B. Walkthrough of a requirements document.
C. Informal review of a program specification.
D. Static analysis of a software model.
Explanation in favor of the correct answer
Static analysis is done almost exclusively by developers. The other review types would be performed using a combination of developers, testers and other interested stakeholders.
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K2- Q. 45: Which of the following are most characteristic of structure-based testing?
(i) Information about how the software is constructed is used to derive test cases.
(ii) Statement coverage and/or decision coverage can be measured for existing test cases.
(iii) The knowledge and experience of people are used to derive test cases.
(iv) Test cases are derived from a model or specification of the system.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (ii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iii)
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K2- Q. 46: Which of the following are the most important factors to be taken into account when selecting test techniques?
(i) Tools available.
(ii) Regulatory standards.
(iii) Experience of the development team.
(iv) Knowledge of the test team.
The need to maintain levels of capability in each technique.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iv)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (v)
Explanation in favor of the correct answer
Answer (i) looks temptingly right, and the availability of tools might make the use of a technique more or less attractive, but it would not be decisive in the way that regulatory standards and tester knowledge are.
Answer (iii) is irrelevant because testing should be independent of development anyway, but it could tempt someone who is unsure about the relationship between development and testing.
Answer (v) is a factor in managing the test team, and experience would need to be maintained, but this should not influence the selection of techniques for a live project.
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K2- Q. 47: Which of the following are most likely to be used when developing a test strategy or test approach?
(i) Failure-based approach
(ii)Test specification approach
(iii) Model-based approach
(iv)Finance-based approach
A. (iii) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (i)
D. (i) and (iii)
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K2- Q. 48: What test roles (or parts in the testing process) is a developer most likely to perform?
(i) Executing component integration tests.
(ii) Static analysis.
(iii) Setting up the test environment.
(iv) Deciding how much testing should be automated.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (iii) and (iv)
Explanation in favor of the correct answer
(i) Executing component integration tests is usually done by developers. Developers are usually responsible for unit and component integration testing. Independent testing usually follows at system and acceptance test levels.
(ii) Static analysis is usually done by developers because: it requires an understanding of the code and therefore the person doing this needs skills in the programming language; and it can be done as soon as the code is written. Therefore it is quick and effective for the developer to do it. The risk of a lack of test independence can be mitigated by performing independent system and acceptance testing.
(iii) Setting up the test environment is an activity typically performed by a tester. It may require support from developers and staff from other departments and on some occasions environments could be set up by developers. However, it is a task that could be done by a tester rather than a developer.
(iv) Deciding how much testing should be automated is typically a decision made by the test leader, who will consult other staff in the decision-making process. Developers may be involved and their skills may be required to automate some tests. However, the decision on how much to automate should not be made by developers.
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K2- Q. 49: Which of the following are valid justifications for developers testing their own code during unit testing?
(i) Their lack of independence is mitigated by independent testing during system and acceptance testing.
(ii)A person with a good understanding of the code can find more defects more quickly using white-box techniques.
(iii)Developers have a better understanding of the requirements than testers.
(iv)Testers write unnecessary incident reports because they find minor differences between the way in which the system behaves and the way in which it is specified to work.
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (iii) and (iv)
Explanation in favor of the correct answer
It is unlikely that developers will have a better understanding of the requirements than testers, partly because testers work closely with the user community (and may be drawn from it) and partly because developers seldom work with the complete set of requirements in a medium to large development.
Testers may raise incidents related to the difference between user expectations and the specification, but these are not unnecessary. Such issues are more likely to arise at the later stages of testing.
Early testing (unit testing) is usually done most effectively by developers with a good understanding of the code and the development environment; they can be more efficient and more effective at this level. Later independent stages of testing offset any disadvantage from the lack of independence at unit testing level.
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K2- Q. 50: Which of the following pairs of test tools are likely to be most useful during the test analysis and design stage of the fundamental test process?
(i) Test execution tool
(ii) Test data preparation tool
(iii) Test management tool
(iv) Requirements management tool
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (iii) and (iv)
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